History of bone china

     The first development of bone china is attributed to Josiah Spoudu who has used it in about 1800. Original principal formula containing six parts of phosphate of lime from perezhzhennoy bones, four pieces of Chinese stone and three and a half parts of kaolin, remains the standard English composition.
Hard porcelain different fortress, but quite easy to beat. Has a blue or gray tint, if it is not subjected to special treatment. Technology of production of bone china easier it strong, not brittle, is ivory.
Very soon, bone china was copied firms Minton, Coalport, Davenport, Derby, Worcester Porcelain factory and Herculaneum in Liverpool.
     Later the technology of bone china was used in factories New Hall (1810), Wedgwood (1812g.), Rockingham (1820).
     As well as the shape and design, quality porcelain differed depending on which factory it was made. Some factories in the 1820s. tended to produce bright white porcelain, richly decorated with gold leaf, a very intricate design. Another is tasteful, simple ornaments decorated tableware. As most of the early production of bone china is not labeled, it is difficult to identify the manufacturer of individual items.

     Porcelain originated in China, hence the common name of china China (China in English.). Chinese porcelain is less exposed glazing (so it is softer) than its European equivalent of the modern, developed in Germany in the early 18th century.

     Josiah Spoud II (1754 - 1827 years) put into production a new type of bone china in 1797 to approve the British discovery in search of porcelain. Technically bone china is a type of hard porcelain, because it is a mixture of kaolin and materials that do not contain glass. The standard formula is 25% kaolin, 25% feldspar mixed with quartz, 50% perezhzhennyh bones. Bone china was considered English china, because it is less susceptible to damage during firing than soft porcelain containing glass. Temperature roasting English bone china is much lower (1250) than for hard porcelain firing (1400 C). Potters could use their already existing methods and their furnace. The splendor of color glaze and gold was not comparable to other types of porcelain.

     Bone China very quickly became popular for several reasons. The decline of trade with China, due to very high import duties on porcelain (108% in 1799). Trade sea transport became less available, as needed to maintain the naval and land forces abroad. The patronage of the Prince of Wales, "the ruler of taste" in the early 19th century. The market has been provided a growing number of specialist craftsmen and merchants. Existing factories was easy to switch to the production of bone china, because the sequence of production processes, the temperature watered firing and glaze firing was the same as for the production of ceramics.